How well
do you know your FAQs from your BPMs? Would you know when to RSVP?
Don’t worry
if these strings of letters seem baffling to you. Today I am taking a look at some of the most useful English abbreviations and acronyms to
help you navigate everything from official documents and friendly invitations
to casual conversations in a nightclub.
English abbreviations and acronyms:
A.M. - Ante Meridiem: Before noon
BYOB – Don’t turn up to
a party empty-handed when you’ve been told to BYOB, else the hosts and the
other guests will be dry and unhappy indeed. BYOB stands for bring
your own beer/bottle/booze. ‘Bottle’, of course, means a bottle of
wine or spirits, and ‘booze’ is a slang term for alcohol.
DOA – dead on arrival.
You might hear this abbreviation in hospital-based TV shows, when the victim of
an accident or a crime gives up the ghost before they reach ER. Hopefully,
you’ll never have to use it yourself. Oh, and BTW (see
below), ER stands
for Emergency Room, which is the US term. UK hospitals
have A&E (Accident
and Emergency) wards instead.
DOB – date of birth, one
of the most common English abbreviations found on official forms and documents.
AD/BC – Not a tribute rock band. You’ll see
these two used with dates. The first stands for the Latin phrase Anno
Domini (In the Year of Our Lord) and refers to dates after the
birth of Christ, while the latter, self-evidently enough, is used for dates Before
Christ. Recently, however, the secular equivalents CE (Common
Era) and BCE (Before
Common Era) are becoming increasingly popular.
AKA – also known as. This
is used when referring to people who have a penname, a stage name, or some
other type of alias, such as Reginald Dwight (AKA Elton John), Stefani
Joanne Angelina Germanotta (AKA Lady Gaga) or Eric Arthur Blair (AKA George
Orwell).
ASAP – as soon as possible,
something your boss might add to the end of an email when she wants you to
finish that report as quickly as you can.
AWOL – absent without leave.
Originally a military abbreviation used of soldiers or marines who had gone off
somewhere without permission, ‘to go AWOL’ is now used casually about friends
who have temporarily gone missing. Here are Jack and Ben, in a club, talking
about their friend Tom:
Jack: Where’s Tom? It’s his round.
Ben:
Looks like he’s gone AWOL again. Typical! Always does a vanishing act when
it’s his turn to get the drinks in.
BO – body odour. This
never means someone who smells like jasmine and roses. If someone has BO,
you’ll be pinching your nose to avoid the smell.
BRB – If you’re chatting to someone
online, or via whatsapp or similar, and you need to take a sudden call or make
a quick trip to the bathroom, this is the abbreviation to use, as it tells the
other person that you’ll be right back.
BTW – by the way. This is
a common online abbreviation. ‘By the way’ is used to introduce a topic to the
conversation that is not directly related to what is being said but which the
speaker has just remembered. A good synonym is ‘incidentally’.
DIY – do-it-yourself.
This might sound like an order you might bark at someone, but in fact it refers
to decorating your home by yourself or doing your own refurbishments or
repairs, rather than employing a professional.
EFL/ELT/ESL – Ask your English
language teacher what these three related abbreviations mean. One of them
is in the name of this very blog. No
points for guessing what the E and the L stand for.
BA, MA, BSC, MSC, PhD etc.
– these are all academic abbreviations that describe the type of degree one is
taking or has acquired. Respectively, they stand for Bachelor
of Arts, Master of Arts, Bachelor
of Science, Master of Science,
and Doctor of Philosophy. There are many others.
CC and BCC –
These email abbreviations harken back to a time when copies of letters were
made using carbon paper. CC means carbon copy and
BCC means blind carbon copy.
ETA – estimated time of arrival,
used to let people know when you think you’ll arrive.
FAQ – frequently asked
questions. A common
abbreviation on company websites, it’s cleaner than it sounds.
FYI – for your information.
This is often used in work emails when forwarding information that does not
require a response. However, it can also be used sarcastically. Here are our
revellers Jack and Ben again:
Jack: Surely you weren’t out partying again, were you? You look
wrecked, man.
Ben:
No, mate. FYI, I was up all night studying.
IMO – in my opinion,
another common internet abbreviation. You’ll also see IMHO,
which can mean either in my honest or in
my humble opinion.
LGBT – lesbian gay bisexual
transgender. This rainbow-esque abbreviation often adds a Q for queer and
an I for intersex, giving it
as many letters as there are colours in the flag it’s associated with.
BLT – Not a series of
sexualities this time, but a sandwich made up of bacon,
lettuce and tomato, plus a slathering of mayonnaise.
EDM – electronic dance music,
such as house, trance and techno – the kind that has lots of BPM (beats
per minute).
LOL – laugh(ing) out loud.
These days, LOL is one of the best-known and most useful English abbreviations,
both online and in text messaging and in social media, so much so in fact that
it has entered the spoken language as both a verb and a noun. You might hear
someone with a GSOH (good
sense of humour) say they ‘lolled’ at something funny, or even that
they did something ‘just for the lulz’, meaning ‘just for the fun of it’. It
can also mean lots of love.
NEET – This fairly new abbreviation is
used to refer to a young person who is not in education, employment or
training, a state of affairs which is not that neat.
OMG! – Oh my god! This
very old expression of surprise or disgust has become one of the better known
online abbreviations.
P.M - Post meridiem: After noon
P.S. – post scriptum.
Although seen less and less frequently now that we have email and editing,
these two letters still constitute a widely understood abbreviation for adding
something to a finished letter. There are hundreds of others
from Latin still in common use.
PTO – If you see this at the bottom of a
document, make sure you follow the instruction to please
turn over and read the other side.
RIP – Technically from the Latin requiescat
in pace, it’s more commonly understood to stand for the English
words rest in peace. You’ll find it on gravestones and
tombstones.
RSVP – For the French répondez
s’il vous plait (please reply). If you receive an official
invitation to an event that includes this abbreviation, make sure you let the
organiser know whether you’re going or not.
TBA – to be announced. If
you’re planning a get-together but haven’t yet chosen the venue, this is the
abbreviation to use. Also TBC – to
be confirmed.
VIP – very
important person. You’ll hear this used of those rooms in clubs and
boxes in stadiums that are reserved for the rich and famous. It’s always
pronounced fully as V.I.P. and never as ‘bip’, as it is in some languages.
TGIF – thank god it’s Friday.
This needs little explanation.
YOLO – you only live once.
Yolo someone to encourage them to carpe that diem and seize the day,
otherwise they might suffer from FOMO (fear
of missing out), that disturbing aspect of the human condition that
makes you feel that everyone is having a better time of it than you are.
TL;DR – too long; didn’t read.
This is used on internet discussion forums when someone has posted something
longwinded and verbose. Hopefully you won’t be thinking TL:DR of this blog
post. LOL!
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