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Sunday, February 28, 2021

CASE OF TELECOM OPERATORS VS.UNION OF INDIA

 

Case TypeNumberYear
 
Diary No.- 737 - 2021
UNION OF INDIA vs. ASSOCIATION OF UNIFIED TELECOM SERVICE PROVIDERS OF INDIA
Diary No.
737/2021 Filed on 11-01-2021 12:17 PM
PENDING
   [SECTION: XVII]
Case No.
MA 000116 - / 2021  Registered on 18-01-2021
Petitioner(s)

  1 UNION OF INDIA
  THROUGH SECRETARY DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS, MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS, SANCHAR BHAVAN, 20, ASHOKA ROAD , DISTRICT: DELHI ,NEW DELHI , DELHI

Respondent(s)

  1 ASSOCIATION OF UNIFIED TELECOM SERVICE PROVIDERS OF INDIA
  THROUGH ITS M.D. B-601, GAURI SADAN, 5, HAILEY ROAD , DISTRICT: DELHI ,NEW DELHI , DELHI

Pet. Advocate(s)

  RANJEETA ROHATGI

Last date for filing GSTR-9 and GSTR9-C for FY20 extended till 31 March, 2021 1 min read . Updated: 28 Feb 2021, 06:57 PM IST Edited By Aparna Banerjea 'The due date for furnishing of GSTR-9 and GSTR-9C for the financial year 2019-20 was earlier extended from 31.12.2020 to 28.02.2021,' govt said in a statement

 

Government on Sunday extended due dates for filing Annual Return (GSTR-9) and Reconciliation Statement (GSTR-9C) for FY20 from 28 February 2021 to 31 March, 2021.

"In view of the difficulties expressed by the taxpayers in meeting this time limit, Government has decided to further extend the due date for furnishing of GSTR-9 and GSTR-9C for the financial year 2019-20 to 31.03.2021 with the approval of Election Commission of India," the government said in a statement.

The due dates for the financial year 2019-20 was earlier extended from 31.12.2020 to 28.02.2021, noted the Ministry of Finance.

"This press note is being issued to keep taxpayers informed so that they may plan their return filing accordingly. Suitable notification to give effect to this decision is being issued," FinMin added in the statement.

GSTR-9 is an annual return to be filed yearly by taxpayers registered under the goods and services tax (GST). It consists of details regarding the outward and inward supplies made or received under various tax heads.

GSTR-9C is a statement of reconciliation between GSTR-9 and the audited annual financial statement.

Registration for vaccination via CoWIN starts at 9 am on March 1; all you need to know:-For 1st March, the slots will be open from 9:00 am till 3:00 pm, and the appointments can be booked anytime before that, subject to availability. MONEYCONTROL NEWS FEBRUARY 28, 2021 / 07:43 PM IST

 

Vaccination drive is underway in India since January 16 (Image: Reuters)

The registration for the next phase of vaccination via CoWIN 2.0 portal will start at 9 am on March 1, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare announced on February 28.

Citizens aged above 60 and 45-plus with comorbidities are eligible to receive the jabs under this round of immunisation drive.

"Registration will open at 9:00 am on 1st March 2021 (at www.cowin.gov.in). Citizens will be able to register and book and appointment for vaccination, anytime and anywhere, using the CoWIN 2.0 portal or through other IT applications such as Arogya Setu etc," the health ministry said in an official release.

The Centre has allowed the states to rope-in private medical facilities to speed up the vaccination drive.

The COWIN 2.0 platform has been updated to allow the states to provide the option of vaccination through private hospitals to the beneficiaries.

"All citizens that are aged, or will attain the age of, 60 years or more as on 1st January 2022 are eligible to register, in addition to all such citizens that are aged, or will attain the age of, 45 years to 59 years as on 1st January 2022, and have any of the specified 20 comorbidities," the ministry added.

There will be only one live appointment for a beneficiary at any point of time for each dose. "Appointments for any date for a CVC will be closed at 3:00 pm on that day for which the slots were opened," the statement read.

For example, for 1st March, the slots will be open from 9:00 am till 3:00 pm, and the appointments can be booked anytime before that, subject to availability.

However, on 1st March, an appointment can also be booked for any future date for which vaccination slots are available. A slot for second dose will also be booked at the same CVC on 29th day of the date of appointment of the first dose.

"If a beneficiary cancels a first dose appointment, then appointment of both doses will be cancelled," the statement noted.

The eligible persons will be able to register at the Co-WIN2.0 portal through their mobile number, through a step by step process.

"With one mobile number, a person can register as many as four beneficiaries. However, all those registered on one mobile number will have nothing in common except the mobile number," it added.

The Photo ID Card Number for each such beneficiary must be different. Either of the following Photo Identity Documents can be used by citizens for availing of online registration–Aadhar card/letter, Electoral Photo Identity Card (EPIC), passport, driving license, PAN card, NPR smart card or pension Document with photograph.

The vaccines that will be used for administration in this phase of immunisation programme would be supplied to the states by the central government - which will procure the same from the manufacturers.

"All vaccines provided to beneficiaries at the Government Health Facilities will be entirely free of cost, while private facilities cannot charge the beneficiary a sum above Rs 250 per person per dose," the ministry reiterated.

Private hospitals are to remit the cost of vaccine doses allotted to them in a designated account of the National Health Authority (NHA). Payment gateway for the same is being enabled by the NHA on their website.

The Government of India has supplied two COVID-19 vaccines, Covishield and Covaxin, free of cost to the states and UTs to vaccinate healthcare workers and frontline workers. The Centre will also be able to cover the next priority group, the ministry statement added.

The states have been requested to operationalize the linkages between the CVCs - both government and private empanelled facilities - with the nearest cold chain points for ensuring smooth vaccine delivery, it further added.

Around 10,000 private hospitals under Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY, and more than 600 hospitals empanelled under central government health scheme (CGHS) and other private hospitals empanelled under government schemes can be picked by the states as COVID-19 Vaccination Centres (CVCs).

ISRO-PSLV-C51 launches Brazil's Amazonia-1, 18 other satellites

 

Synopsis

At the end of a nearly -26hour countdown, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PSLV-C51 lifted off from the first launch pad of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SHAR), over 100 km from Chennai, at around 10.24 am.




WHO WAS FATHER OF DRONACHARYA ?

 


Indian mythology is full of many interesting characters and incidents that not only give insights to the level of science in those days but amaze us even today that if that was not science and if that was just story telling, how come those imaginations are proving to be a normal occurrence in today’s times.

Dronacharya can be easily termed as first TEST TUBE BABY in the world. Before every other Quoran starts laughing and starts doubting my mental status and my education, let us remind ourselves the story of dronacharya’s birth.

Rishi, Sage, Bharadwaj was a prominent sage of those days. He once was readying to take bath at his usual area in river Ganga before his evening pooja rituals.

Suddenly he saw an extremely, heavenly beautiful lady taking bath in river Ganga. He was amazed and shell shocked to see this level of sensuous beauty. He continued to watch this Apsara playing with water waves and enjoying the Ganga waters in an almost negligible single cloth that was adding to the sensuality of this Apsara. Story tells us the name of this Apsara as Krita.


Story further unfolds. As Apsara Krita’s joyous play with water waves got intense so was the rise in the blood rush in the Sage Bharadwaj’s eyes, mind and body.

And finally the Rishi was overpowered and his semen got emitted as can happen, often happens with humans like us!

At that point of time, Hosh returned in place of Josh. Rishi Bharadwaj returned back to his normal self. He collected his semen containing his millions or billions of sperms in a clay pot. Rishi Bharadwaj later stored this clay pot in a safe place in his Ashram.

Story tells us that Dronacharya was born in this pot that functioned as world's first test tube!

So Father of Guru of Paandavs and Kauravs, Master Archer and Imaginary Guru of Eklavya, DRONACHARYA is Rishi Bharadwaj.

BRILLIANT DEFINITION OF A BANK

 


A bank is a broker between the middle class and the rich. The only place where the two meet is in a bank. The middle class brings the money, through saving, and the rich takes it, through borrowing. A middle class person saves the money because they have more money than their thinking capacity. So they keep the money in the bank so they can go and think what to do with the money they saved.

On the other side, the rich people come to pick that money, through borrowing, because they have more ideas than the money they have. On a practical side, show me one billionaire who got rich through saving and I will show you a million Indians who have money saved in the banks and are still renting the houses that the Millionaires and Billionaires build through the middle class people savings which the rich borrowed from a bank.

Another LEAKAGE Blocked By Modi ji

 


The toll fee collections through FASTags across the National Highway network have jumped by 23% in the past four days and the amount touched Rs102 crore on Friday, the highest ever toll collection in the NHAI’s history.

*Daily toll collections across the National Highway network :*

● Before FASTags - ₹85 cr

● After FASTags -
 ₹102 cr

This additional Rs ₹17 cr is the amount which used to get siphoned-off daily by the unscrupulous elements.

₹17 cr saved in a day

17x30 = ₹ 510 cr in a month

510x12 = ₹ 6120 cr in a year 

This is what transparency does to a country.

It lifts the country out of parallel economy into a cleaner economy, making resources available for the upliftment of the poor.

*... and in ₹ 6120 cr, a tier 2 city can have METRO RAILWAY*


FASTags drive toll collections to 1-day record of Rs 102 crore

A SAD day for a 100 years old industry of AVIATION

YOUTUBE


Virgin fires more than 3,000 people including 600 Pilots.

- Virgin Australia files for Bankruptcy.

- Air Mauritius goes into Administration.

- South African Airways Bankrupt.

- Finnair returns 12 planes and lays off 2,400 people.

- YOU grounds 22 planes and fires 4,100 people.

- Ryanair grounds 113 planes and gets rid of 900 pilots for the moment, 450 more in the coming months.

- Norwegian completely stops its long-haul activity!!! The 787s are returned to the lessors.

- SAS returns 14 planes and fires 520 pilots... The Scandinavian states are studying a plan to liquidate Norwegian and SAS to rebuild a new company from their ashes.

- Ethiad cancels 18 orders for A350, grounds 10 A380 and 10 Boeing 787. Lays off 720 staff.

- Emirates grounds 38 A380s and cancels all orders for the Boeing 777x (150 aircraft, the largest order for this type). They "invite" all employees over 56 to retire

- Wizzair returns 32 A320s and lays off 1,200 people, including 200 pilots, another wave of 430 layoffs planned in the coming months. Remaining employees will see their wages reduced by 30%.

- IAG (British Airways’ parent company) abandons the takeover of Air Europa (and will pay €40 million compensation for that).

- IAG (Iberia) grounds 56 planes.

- IAG (British Airways) grounds 34 planes. Everyone over 58 to retire.

- Luxair reduces its fleet by 50% (and associated redundancies)

- CSA abolishes its long-haul sector and keeps only 5 medium-haul aircraft.

- Eurowings goes into Bankruptcy

- Brussels Airline reduces its fleet by 50% (and associated redundancies).

- Lufthansa plans to ground 72 aircraft (in 2 instalments).

- Hop is studying the possibility of reducing fleet and staff by 50%.

Additional info:

Currently, 60 new aircraft stored at Airbus with no buyers in sight (order cancellations) including 18 A350s.

They *forecast a minimum of 8,000 grounded planes by September*. With an average of 5.8 crews per plane (medium and long haul combined), that would make *more than 90,000 unemployed pilots worldwide*

*The Air Transport Industry is on Life Support !*

This will have a major impact on our lifestyle ...

Saturday, February 27, 2021

Around 11 lakh people will lose jobs if Future-Reliance deal falls through: FMCG distributors, traders Amazon and Future Group are locked in a legal dispute over the sale of the Indian company’s retail, logistics and warehousing assets to Reliance Retail Ventures. MONEYCONTROL NEWS FEBRUARY 27, 2021 / 12:58 PM IST

 


Around 11 lakh people will lose their jobs if the Future Retail-Reliance deal falls through, FMCG distributors, traders association and a Delhi-based NGO have said in a statement.

"Future Group and Reliance had ensured that all businesses, including Big Bazaar, EasyDay, Nilgiris, Central, Brand Factory, among others, continue to function so that employees and suppliers do not lose their livelihood, read a statement issued by All India Consumer Products Distributors Federation, FMCG Distributors and Traders Association Delhi and Public Response Against Helplessness and Action for Redressal (PRAHAR).

"However, frequent litigations and roadblocks by Amazon are putting this arrangement into a crisis. The fear is that if the deal does not go through then the livelihood of many will be lost," it added.

Future Group, which has around 2,000 stores in over 450 cities across India, will shut shop if the deal is blocked, causing almost 11 lakh job losses, the release said, adding that about 6,000 vendors and suppliers will also lose their biggest customer.

Stressing on the importance of the competition of the deal, the statement said that Reliance had committed to pay the dues of all vendors and suppliers as part of the deal.

"Hence, it is important that these businesses and jobs of people supplying to Future Retail are protected," it added.

Amazon and Future Group are locked in a legal dispute over the sale of the Indian company’s retail, logistics and warehousing assets to Reliance Retail Ventures (RRVL), a unit of Reliance Industries, for Rs 24,713 crore.

Amazon, which owns a 49 percent stake in Future Coupons, an unlisted company, has challenged the Future Group-Reliance Retail deal, claiming it did not consent to such a transaction. It said the deal breached some existing agreements.

Disclosure: Reliance Industries Ltd. is the sole beneficiary of Independent Media Trust which controls Network18 Media & Investments Ltd.


Which financial ratios tell you best about the health of a bank ;-By DK Aggarwal, ET CONTRIBUTORS Last Updated: Feb 27, 2021, 11:07 AM IST


The banking sector truly reflects the health of the economy. A bank must maintain a balance between growth and risk. Analysis of banking stocks is not like analyzing stocks of any other business. Banks get funding through deposits or debt in order to have liquidity to extend as loans and to invest to generate treasury income.

Before jumping in to understand how to analyze bank stocks, one needs to understand the business model of banks and how they make money. Banks basically make money through a combination of spread income and fee income. One should always look at the core business of the bank, both retail and corporate banking. The proportions of these two in the bank’s total revenue should always be very healthy. A bank’s presence across the market should be also evenly balanced.

As banks have unique attributes, certain financial ratios provide useful insights, more so than the others. One needs to look at different parameters such as net interest income (NII), net interest margin (NIM), provisioning coverage ratio (PCR), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), Current Account-Savings Account (CASA) ratio, non-performing assets (NPA), gross non-performing asset (GNPA) and slippages.

A bank has to pay interest on the borrowed money, and earns interest on the money it has lent. So, investors should analyse the difference between the interest earned by the bank and interest paid, which gives the net interest income (NII). Investors should also minutely look at total deposits, total advances and net interest margin. A bank that maintains a low ADR (Advance-Deposit Ratio) is considered safe. Eventually, investors should analyze the capital adequacy ratio (CAR). Higher the capital adequacy ratio (CAR), the more the chances of the bank being on the safer side, meaning thereby, that the bank is strengthening its capital reserves and financial growth.

Another important parameter is gross NPA and net NPA. Basically, non-performing assets (NPAs) are recorded on a bank's balance sheet after a prolonged period of non-payment by the borrower. One should always look out for these numbers and how they change with time. In case of higher NPA, the borrowings get riskier and the bank would need to focus on recovery of the borrowing amounts. Normally, if a bank is into retail borrowing business, then probably the NPA may be lower, whereas, in corporate banking, the NPA levels are generally higher, because if any company defaults, the NPA number shoots up.


Another factor to watch is the provision coverage ratio (PCR), which indicates the extent to which a bank has provided for the weaker part of its loan portfolio. A high PCR suggests the bank may further provisions in the coming years would be relatively low, unless the GNPAs rise at a faster clip. Investors should also consider the slippage ratio, as a sharp rise in slippage can have a major impact on provisioning and net profit. Low slippage, or no slippage, reflects good quality of assets. Another important factor is the Casa ratio. It shows how much deposit a bank has in the form of the share of current and saving account deposits in total deposits. Investors should also look at the Casa ratio to understand a bank’s financial health. Higher the Casa ratio, better is its operating efficiency. NIM is yet another factor to look at, as it measures the effectiveness of a company’s investment decision. A positive net interest margin indicates that the bank is efficiently investing, whereas a negative net interest margin implies inefficient investing.

Most importantly, a bank management’s forward guidance is an equally important event to watch before coming making an investment decision. Instead of looking at just the current numbers, ratios should also be compared with their historical numbers. This will give an understanding as to whether those numbers have improved or not. Moreover, these ratios should be compared with peer banks and the industry average to decide the position of a bank with respect to its competitors and whether one should invest in that particular banking stock or not.

(DK Aggarwal is the CMD of SMC Investment and Advisors)

Joe Biden's $1.9 trillion COVID-19 relief plan passes hurdle in U.S. House SECTIONSJoe Biden's $1.9 trillion COVID-19 relief plan passes hurdle in U.S. HouseAPLast Updated: Feb 27, 2021, 12:56 PM IST

 


The House approved a $1.9 trillion pandemic relief bill early Saturday in a win for President Joe Biden, even as top Democrats tried assuring agitated progressives that they'd revive their derailed drive to boost the minimum wage.

The new president's vision for flushing cash to individuals, businesses, states and cities battered by COVID-19 passed on a near party-line 219-212 vote. That ships the massive measure to the Senate, where Democrats seem bent on resuscitating their minimum wage push and fights could erupt over state aid and other issues.

Democrats said the still-faltering economy and the half-million American lives lost demanded quick, decisive action. GOP lawmakers, they said, were out of step with a public that polling shows largely views the bill favorably.

``I am a happy camper tonight,`` Rep. Maxine Waters, D-Calif., said Friday. ``This is what America needs. Republicans, you ought to be a part of this. But if you're not, we're going without you.``

Republicans said the bill was too expensive and said too few education dollars would be spent quickly to immediately reopen schools. They said it was laden with gifts to Democratic constituencies like labor unions and funneled money to Democratic-run states they suggested didn't need it because their budgets had bounced back.


``To my colleagues who say this bill is bold, I say it's bloated,`` said House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif. ``To those who say it's urgent, I say it's unfocused. To those who say it's popular, I say it is entirely partisan.''

Travel from Dehradun to Delhi in two hours by 2024, says Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari

 

Addressing the event through video-conferencing, Gandkari said he had promised the people of Uttarakhand that the NH-58 (in photo above) project would be completed before the Kumbh Mela and that his ministry did this successfully

(This story originally appeared in  on Feb 27, 2021)
HARIDWAR: Union road, transport and highways minister Nitin Gandkari on Friday announced a six-lane express highway economic corridor between Delhi and Dehradun via Haridwar that will reduce the travel time. He said once the work on this economic corridor is completed in 2024, the travel time between Delhi and Dehradun would be reduced to around two hours from around 5 hours at present.

The Dehradun-Delhi expressway will be 210 km long, and the estimated cost of the project is around Rs 13,000 crore. Gadkari also dedicated four major highway projects to the public ahead of the Kumbh Mela and virtually laid the foundation stone for three other mega highway projects in the state at the VIP ghat in Haridwar.

NH projects that have been dedicated to the public are Muzaffarnagar-Haridwar four-lane highway, Roorkee-Chutmalpur four-lane, Haridwar-Dehradun four-lane and Muzaffarnagar-Haridwar bridge across the escape canal in Haridwar.

He also laid the foundation of three NH projects in the state, including a one-km-long tunnel and a bridge in Rudraprayag, and launched the works on NH-309 in Almora and NH-119 in Pauri Garhwal. The total cost of all these projects is estimated to be Rs 5,400 crore.

Friday, February 26, 2021

What are some of the mistakes of Indians that are destroying their financial lives?

 Must Read Fully

Source :-ET 

*Buying insurance policies for investment purpose*: 

Have you invested your money in insurance plan to get a return in future? Big mistake! Out of 100 people I have spoken, 95 have made this mistake.. Very few people understand the difference between term plan, endowment plan, etc.

*Not able to crack the credit card mystery:* 

Are you paying the minimum amount due on your credit card payment? If yes, you are trapped in credit card mystery. On the other side, very few people really enjoy the benefits like free lounge access, buy one get one movie ticket, etc.

*No idea about the power of compounding:* 

Everyone has come across the formula of compounding but very few people really understand its power. This is the reason people do not start saving early and hence lose out on the power of compounding. Albert Einstein said that power of compounding is the eighth wonder of the world.

*Buying stocks based on tips without any knowledge:* 

You will find every Tom, Dick and Harry giving stock tips over Facebook, Whatsapp and TV. Unfortunately, a lot of people fall in a trap of these people and invest money without any knowledge. What is the end result? They lose everything!

*Becoming a victim of lifestyle inflation*: 

Moving from 2bhk to 3bhk just because you have got a good hike, upgrading your car because you have got some bonus are some of the examples of lifestyle inflation destroying financial lives.

*Buying things just because they are on discount*: 

From Amazon’s “Great Indian Sale” to Flipkart’s “The Big Billion Days”, everyone is encashing on the weakness of Indians buying things just because it is on discount. Funny thing is now you will find such sales every other month.

*Getting tempted to go for an exotic vacation* 

just because someone put a post on Facebook and Instagram: Instagram and Facebook are introduced as Social Media Platform but they are actually destroying the entire social fabric. Friends are jealous of each other. Most of them are just social media friends. Facebook and Instagram are more of a marketing platform where people post stuff just to get some likes and companies promote their product and services.

*Spending a bomb on weekend parties:* 

5 days work and 2 days party: This is the new culture in India. Pubs are jam-packed on weekends where people would spend a bomb on drinks. By the end of the month, they are left with no money.

*No track of cash flow:* 

Very few people keep a track of their expenses. Most of them just don’t know where the money is gone.

*No emergency budget:* 

Not having any extra money in the case of an emergency results in embarrassing situations of borrowing money from friends and relative. Some people even break their investments and make a big mistake.

*No medical insurance*: 

I have seen people losing out the lifetime savings just because they did not take medical insurance. One accident can shatter all financial dreams. Better be insured. Healthcare cost is rising and it is impossible to manage it without insurance.

*No financial plan:* 

People do not know why they need to save money because they don’t know their financial goals.

*No diversification*: 

Some people would invest all their money in real estate, some would invest all the money in gold, some would just keep it in the locker, some would invest all the money in the stock market. Very few people understand the right way of diversifying the investments.

*Spending all the hard earned money on children marriage:* 

Thanks to our hypocritic society! People save their entire life just to spend all the money on random relatives who only bother about the food and arrangements. What is the topic of discussion at weddings? “Sharma ji ne to unki beti ko car gift kari. (Mr Sharma has gifted a car to his daughter)”. “Mehta ji ne unki beti ko 50 tola sona diya” (Mr Mehta has gifted 500-gram gold to his daughter.)

*Buying excessive gold only to keep it in the locker:* 

Gold worth lakhs is kept in lockers only to be used once or twice a year. This is resulting in the money getting blocked and hence not getting any returns on it.

*An extremely conservative approach with investment:* 

Traditionally, people have been risk-averse. They would just have an FD and live on 6–7% annual interest. Some would just keep the cash at home.

*Lack of clarity between asset and liability:* 

Having a car is not an asset because it consumes fuel and has a maintenance cost. Its price will only depreciate in the future. Car is a necessity but people spend a lot of money and even take the loan to buy a luxury car over and above their budget.

*Considering frugal as cheap:* 

A lot of people confuse economic spending with being cheap. An economic spender does not compromise with quality but does his research well enough to buy the product or service at the lowest rate.

*Procrastinating investment decisions:* 

“I will invest from tomorrow”. But the problem is that tomorrow never comes.

*Spending a lot of money on fancy stuff:* 

A fancy car, a fancy house, a fancy watch, a fancy vacation. People want fancy stuff and willing to pay a premium irrespective of the value it generates.

*Lack of patience:* 

“I can’t wait for my wealth to grow. I want to double my investments in 6 months. I need to invest in the stock market.” A lot of people lose their lifetime of savings because they don’t have the patience to understand the investment option and would blindly trust anyone with their investment.

*Depending upon others for investment decisions:* 

“I don’t know anything about investment. Please manage my money.” Unfortunately, a lot of people are dependent upon others with their hard earned money. This is the reason we have a lot of self-proclaimed experts giving stock market tips.

*Not discussing the money matters in the family:* 

Discussions related to money are considered as a taboo in Indian families. Nobody really discusses money matters.

*Getting too greedy with investment:* 

People blindly invest their money in penny stocks, day trading, futures and options. They eventually lose all their hard earned money. What is the root cause? GREED

*Wasting time on unproductive things:* 

Rather than learning new stuff and growing the skillset, people end up wasting time on social media and YouTube.

*Lack of disciplined investment:* 

Instead of spending what is left after investing, people invest what is left after spending. This results in indisciplined investment.

*Root Cause* 

Lack of knowledge about personal financial management!!